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Ingrown toenail |
| Definition: |
| This is a condition in which the edge of the toenail grows into the skin of the toe. |
| Alternative Names: |
| Onychocryptosis; Unguis incarnatus |
| Causes, incidence, and risk factors: |
| An ingrown toenail can result from curved toenails, poorly fitting shoes, or toenails that are trimmed improperly. The skin around the toenail may become red and infected. The great toe is usually affected, but any toenail can become ingrown. The condition may become serious in people with diabetes. |
| Symptoms: |
| A possible symptom is pain, redness, and swelling around a toenail. |
| Signs and tests: |
| Examination of the foot is sufficient to diagnose an ingrown toenail. |
| Treatment: |
| A foot specialist (podiatrist) or skin specialist (dermatologist) may remove either part of the nail or the extra skin. Antibiotics, either topical (applied to a localized area of the skin) or oral, may be prescribed if infection is present. In recurrent cases, your doctor may permanently reshape your nail with chemicals or lasers. |
| Expectations (prognosis): |
| Treatment is effective in controlling infection and relieving pain. The condition is likely to recur if preventive measures are not taken. |
| Complications: |
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Infection may spread through the toe and into the bone in severe cases. |
| Calling your health care provider: |
| If you are able to do so, trim the toenail and apply over-the-counter topical antibiotics. Call for an appointment with the health care provider if you are unable to trim an ingrown toenail, or if there is severe foot pain, redness, swelling, or fever. |
| Prevention: |
| Wear shoes that fit properly. Trim toenails straight across the top and not too short. Finally, keep the feet clean and dry. |
Reviewed By: Michael Lehrer, M.D., Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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