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Pes cavus
Definition:
Excessive elevation of the longitudinal (toe to heel) arch of the foot.

Alternative Names:
High arch; High foot arch

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

Pes cavus or high arch is the opposite of flat feet. Highly arched feet are much less common than flat feet and more likely to be associated with an abnormal orthopedic or neurological condition. Neuromuscular diseases that cause changes in muscle tone may be associated with the development of high arches.

Unlike flat feet, highly arched feet tend to be painful because more stress is placed on the section of the foot between the ankle and the toes (metatarsals). Highly arched feet may make it difficult to fit shoes, generally require a foot support, and can cause significant disability.
Symptoms:
  • the foot length may be shortened because much of it is taken up in the arch
  • difficulty fitting shoes
  • foot pain associated with walking, standing and running
Signs and tests:
Treatment:

Corrective shoes may help to relieve pain and can improve walking. This includes orthopedic modifications to the shoes such as an arch insert and a support insole. Surgery is sometimes necessary in severe cases.
Expectations (prognosis):
The expectations depend on the presence of absence of underlying neurological conditions.
Complications:
Calling your health care provider:
Call your health care provider if you suspect having high arches.
Prevention:
People with highly arched feet should be evaluated for underlying neurological and orthopedic conditions. Recognition of other problems may help in preventing or modifying impending arch problems.
Review Date: 5/23/2001
Reviewed By: David M. Scher, M.D., Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU-Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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