Posterior fossa tumor |
| Definition: |
| This is a tumor (abnormal growth) located in or near the posterior fossa (a depression on the interior, back portion of the base of the skull, near the cerebellum part of the brain).
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| Alternative Names: |
| Infratentorial brain tumors; Brainstem glioma
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| Causes, incidence, and risk factors: |
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Most tumors of the posterior fossa are primary brain cancers, which originate in the brain, rather than spreading from elsewhere in the body. They have no known cause or risk factors associated with them. |
| Symptoms: |
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Symptoms occur very early when posterior fossa tumors occur. The posterior fossa itself is a small, confined space and any growth there can block the flow of spinal fluid and cause increased pressure on the brain and spinal cord. The symptoms of increased intracranial pressure include:
Symptoms from posterior fossa tumors also occur when the tumor damages local structures, such as cranial nerves. Symptoms of cranial nerve damage include:
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| Signs and tests: |
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Diagnosis is based on thorough history and physical examination, followed by imaging tests. The best way to look at the posterior fossa is with an MRI. Posterior craniotomy (open brain surgery) or stereotactic biopsy (using special instruments to get a small piece of the tumor) can be used to obtain tissue for diagnosis. Tumors of the posterior fossa usually require surgical removal, even if they are benign (noncancerous). This is because of the delicate structures in the area which can be compressed by any abnormal growth and the frequency of symptoms associated with the tumors. |
| Treatment: |
| Most tumors of the posterior fossa are surgically removed. Occasionally, depending on the type of tumor and the size of it, post-operative radiation treatment is also used. |
| Support Groups: |
| The stress of illness can often be helped by joining a support group where members share common experiences and problems. |
| Expectations (prognosis): |
| Prognosis depends on early detection. Complete obstruction to the flow of spinal fluid causes herniation and death. If tumors are recognized before this point, surgery is associated with good, long-term survival. |
| Complications: |
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| Calling your health care provider: |
| Call your health care provider if you notice consistent headaches that are accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and/or visual changes. |
Reviewed By: Scott Howard, M.D., M.S., Memphis, TN. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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