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| Definition: |
A test where cells are taken from the tongue and evaluated for the presence of Barr bodies (a mass seen in a normal female sex chromosome).
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| Alternative Names: |
Sex chromatin test
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| How the test is performed: |
| Cells are collected by scraping the tongue with a spatula. The cells are then placed on a slide and the sample is taken to the laboratory for evaluation. |
| How to prepare for the test: |
| No preparation is necessary for this test. |
| How the test will feel: |
| You will feel a scraping sensation as cells are removed from the tongue. |
| Why the test is performed: |
In the past, this test was used to indicate:
- abnormal sexual development
- ambiguous genitalia
- amenorrhea
- suspected chromosomal abnormalities
Today, a health care provider who suspects any of these abnormalities is most likely to perform a full chromosome analysis (called karyotyping).
The buccal smear is primarily used in the Olympics or other sporting event if the authorities believe a man is trying to compete as a woman. |
| Normal Values: |
| The normal value depends on the reason for the screen. If a male if suspected of imitating a woman, then a normal result would indicate the presence of Barr bodies, or that the person really is a female. |
| What abnormal results mean: |
| If no Barr bodies appear the test subject is a male. |
| What the risks are: |
| There are no risks associated with the buccal smear. |
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Review Date: 5/30/2001
Reviewed By: David G. Brooks, M.D., Ph.D., Division of Medical Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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