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| Definition: |
An eye test that uses an orange dye (fluorescein) and a cobalt blue light to detect foreign bodies in the eye or damage to the corneal surface.
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| Alternative Names: |
Fluorescein staining of the tear film
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| How the test is performed: |
Dye is placed in the eye, using blotting paper impregnated with fluorescein dye, where it stains the tear film which covers the surface of the cornea. The individual is asked to blink to move the dye. A blue light is then directed on the eye, causing the fluorescein to glow green. Abnormalities in the surface of the eye will cause the dye to stain that region.
The ophthalmologist or optometrist (eye doctor) can determine the location and probable cause of the cornea problem depending on the size, location, and shape of the staining. |
| How to prepare for the test: |
If contact lenses are worn, they will need to be removed before the test.
Infants and children:
The physical and psychological preparation you can provide for this or any test or procedure depends on your child's age, interests, previous experiences, and level of trust. For specific information regarding how you can prepare your child, see the following topics as they correspond to your child's age:
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| How the test will feel: |
| If eyes are extremely dry, the blotting paper may be slightly scratchy. The dye may cause a mild and brief stinging sensation. |
| Why the test is performed: |
| This test is useful in superficial scratches or other problems with the surface of the cornea. It can also help reveal foreign bodies on the eye surface. It can be used after contacts are prescribed to determine if there is irritation of the surface of the cornea. |
| Normal Values: |
| The dye will remain in the tear film on the surface of the eye with no areas of excess dye adherence to the eye itself. |
| What abnormal results mean: |
- corneal abrasion (a scratch on the surface of the cornea)
- infection
- injury or trauma
- foreign bodies, such as eyelashes or dust (see eye - foreign object in)
- Abnormal tear production (dry eye)
- Severe dry eye associated with arthritis (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)
Additional conditions under which the test may be performed:
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| What the risks are: |
| If the fluorescein touches the skin surface, there may be a slight, brief, discoloration. |
| Special considerations: |
| This test is very useful for detecting injuries or abnormalities on the surface of the cornea. |
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Review Date: 12/2/2001
Reviewed By: Edward B. Feinberg, M.D., M.P.H., Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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