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Male reproductive anatomy
Male reproductive anatomy
Testicular anatomy
Testicular anatomy

Testicular self-examination
Definition:
This is an examination of the testicles. The testicles are the male reproductive organs, and produce sperm and the hormone testosterone. They are located in the scrotum under the penis.

Alternative Names:
Male self-examination

How the test is performed:

Place your right leg on an elevated surface about chair height. Gently feel your scrotal sac until you find the right testicle. Firmly and gently roll the testicle between the thumb and fingers to examine the surface. Repeat the procedure with your left leg elevated to examine your left testicle.

The exam should be performed on a monthly basis.
How to prepare for the test:
The test is best performed after a shower or bath so that the scrotal muscles are warm and relaxed.
How the test will feel:
The test should not be uncomfortable.
Why the test is performed:
The test checks for cancer. Testicular cancer often develops without symptoms, therefore this procedure should be done monthly by every male.
Normal Values:
The testicle feels firm but not hard. The surface should be smooth. There should be no lumps or bumps. One testicle may or may not be lower or slightly larger than the other.
What abnormal results mean:
If a small hard lump (like a pea) or an enlarged testicle is found, consult the health care provider immediately. It may be testicular cancer.

Consult the health care provider also if:
  • One or both testicles are not located (the testicles may not have descended properly) in the scrotum
  • There is a soft collection of thin tubes above the testicle (may be varicocele, or a collection of dilated veins)
  • There is pain or swelling in the scrotum (it may be an infection or a blockage of blood to the area)

Acute pain in the scrotum or testicle is a surgical emergency. If you experience acute pain in the scrotum or testicle, seek immediate medical attention.
What the risks are:
There are no risks.
Special considerations:
Lumps may be cancerous, requiring immediate treatment.
Review Date: 8/10/2001
Reviewed By: David R. Knowles M.D., Department of Urology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital Columbia Campus, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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