Mild cases of acuteUTI may disappear spontaneously without treatment. However, because of the risk of the infection spreading to the kidneys (complicated UTI), treatment is usually recommended. Also, due to the high mortality rate in the elderly population, prompt treatment is recommended. In most cases, treatment can be done on an outpatient basis.
MEDICATIONS:
Antibiotics may be used to control the bacterial infection. It is imperative that you finish the entire course of prescribed antibiotics. Commonly used antibiotics include:
- Nitrofurantoin
- Sulfa drugs (sulfonamides)
- Quinolones (ciprofloxacin)
- Penicillins (amoxicillin)
- Cephalosporins
- Tetracyclines (doxycycline)
Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium) may be used to reduce the burning and urinary urgency associated with cystitis.
SURGERY:
Surgery is generally not indicated for catheter-related urinary tract infection. However, chronic indwelling catheters (Foley or suprapubic tube) should be changed every month. Proper sterile technique must be used.
DIET:
Increasing the intake of fluids to 2,000 to 4,000 cc per day encourages frequent urination that flushes the bacteria from the bladder. Avoid fluids that irritate the bladder, such as alcohol, citrus juices, and caffeine.
MONITORING:
Follow-up may include urine cultures to ensure that bacteria are no longer present in the bladder.
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